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08610_Field_TCGG T375.txt
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1996-04-10
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The same clash between written and oral structures of
knowledge occurs in medieval social life.
* In Henri Pirenne’s Economic and Social History of Medieval
Europe there are numerous structural parallels to the patterns
of manuscript culture that have so far come to the attention
here. The advantage in seeing the clash of forms before
typography is that it enables us to see the turn to the struggle
which was given by Gutenberg:
It is quite plain, from such evidence as we possess,
that from the end of the eighth century Western Europe
had sunk back into a purely agricultural state. Land was
the sole source of subsistence and the sole condition of
wealth. All classes of the population, from the Emperor,
who had no other revenues than those derived from his